Early life
Cena was born April 23, 1977 in West Newbury, Massachusetts,[6] the second eldest of five brothers – Dan, Matt, Steve and Sean.[15] After graduating from Cushing Academy, Cena attended Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts.[16] In college he was a Division III All-American center on the football team,[17] wearing the number 54,[16] which is still used on some of his WWE merchandise.[18][19] He graduated from Springfield in 1998 with a degree in exercise physiology,[20] after which he pursued a career as a bodybuilder,[21] and also worked as a chauffeur for a limousine company.[22]
Wrestling career
Training
Cena first started training to become a wrestler in 2000 at the California-based "Ultimate University" operated by Ultimate Pro Wrestling (UPW). Once he was placed into an in-ring role, Cena began using a semi-robotic character known as The Prototype.[23][24] Some of this period of his career was documented in the Discovery Channel program Wrestling School. While in UPW, Cena held the Heavyweight Championship for just shy of a month in April 2000.[11] In 2001, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) signed him away from UPW, placing him under a developmental contract and assigning him to their "farm territory" Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he continued his training.[25] During his time there, Cena wrestled as both The Prototype and Mr. P, and he held the Heavyweight Championship for three months and the Tag Team Championship (with Rico Constantino) for two.[12][26][27]
World Wrestling Entertainment (2002-present)
2002-2003
Cena lifting Kurt Angle for an FU.
Cena lifting Kurt Angle for an FU.
Cena's first televised WWE match was in answer to a (kayfabe) open challenge by Kurt Angle on June 27, 2002.[28] Inspired by a speech given by WWE Chairman Vince McMahon to the rising stars of the company, exhorting them to show "ruthless aggression" to earn a place among the legends, Cena took advantage of the opportunity and almost beat Angle by kicking out of his Angle Slam and enduring the ankle lock submission hold.[29] He ultimately lost, however, to a hard, amateur-style pin.[29] Following the near-win, Cena became a face and was put into a program with Chris Jericho.[28] In October, Cena and Billy Kidman joined forces to take part in a tag team tournament to crown the first WWE Tag Team Champions of the SmackDown! brand, but lost in the first round.[30] The next week, Cena turned on and attacked Kidman, blaming him for their loss.[28]
Shortly after the Kidman attack, on a Halloween themed episode of SmackDown!, Cena dressed as Vanilla Ice and performed a freestyle rap.[28] The next week, Cena received a new gimmick: a rapper who cut promos in rhyme.[28] As the gimmick grew, he adopted a variant of the 80s WWF logo — dropping the "F" — as his "signature symbol", along with the slogan "Word Life".[31] Moreover, he was joined by an enforcer, Bull Buchanan, who was rechristened B-2 (also written B² and pronounced "B-Squared").[28] Buchanan was later replaced by Rodney Mack under the moniker "Red Dogg",[28] until he was sent to the Raw brand in February.
For the first half of 2003, Cena sought the WWE Championship and chased the reigning champion, Brock Lesnar, performing weekly "freestyles" challenging him to matches.[32][33][34] During the program, Cena unveiled a new finishing maneuver: the FU, a Fireman's carry powerslam, so named to mock Lesnar's F-5.[35] He got a match against Lesnar at April's Backlash by winning a #1 contenders tournament,[28] but did not get the title.[36] At the end of the year he became a face again when he joined Kurt Angle as a member of his Survivor Series team at the 2003 pay-per-view.[37][38]
2004-2005
Cena, wearing his customized U.S. Championship belt
Cena, wearing his customized U.S. Championship belt
In early 2004, Cena participated in the Royal Rumble match at the annual January pay-per-view event,[39] making it to the final six participants before being eliminated by Big Show.[40] The Royal Rumble elimination led to a feud between Big Show and Cena,[41][42] during which Cena won the United States Championship from the Big Show at WrestleMania XX in March.[43] During his reign, he came into contention with SmackDown! General Manager Kurt Angle over issues arising with René Duprée and Torrie Wilson.[44] The reign ended just shy of four months when, on July 8, he was "stripped" of the belt by Angle after he (kayfabe, accidentally) knocked him over, thus "attacking an official".[45] He won the title back by defeating Booker T in a "best of five" series that culminated at October's No Mercy,[46] only to lose it to the debuting Carlito Caribbean Cool the next week.[47] After the loss to Carlito, the duo began a feud, during which Cena was (kayfabe) stabbed in the kidney while at a Boston-area nightclub by Carlito's bodyguard, Jesús.[48][49] This worked injury was used to keep Cena out of action for a month, during which Cena was actually filming his feature film debut The Marine.[26] Immediately on his return in November, he won the US title back from Carlito and debuted a "custom made" spinner-style title belt.[50][51]
Cena took part in the Royal Rumble in January 2005, this time making it to the final two. He and Raw brand wrestler Batista went over the top rope at the same time, ostensibly ending the match. Vince McMahon, however, appeared on stage and re-started the match in "sudden death", with Batista eventually winning.[52] The next month, Cena defeated Kurt Angle to earn a spot in the SmackDown! brand's WrestleMania 21 main event,[53] beginning a feud with WWE Champion John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) and his Cabinet in the process. In the opening stages of the feud, Cena lost his US belt to Cabinet member Orlando Jordan,[54] who proceeded to "blow up" the spinner version with JBL and return a more traditional style belt.[55] When Cena and JBL met at WrestleMania, the title switched hands, giving Cena his first world title in the company.[56] As part of the storyline, he then had a spinner WWE Championship belt made,[57] while JBL took the original belt and claimed to still be WWE Champion,[57] until Cena reclaimed the original belt in an "I Quit" match at Judgment Day.[58]
Cena's SmackDown! tenure came to a close on the June 6, 2005 episode of WWE Raw, when he became the first wrestler selected by Raw brand General Manager Eric Bischoff in the annual draft lottery. Cena immediately entered a program against Bischoff when he refused to participate in his "war" against the upcoming Extreme Championship Wrestling reunion show.[59] With Bischoff vowing to make Cena's stint on Raw difficult, he "hand picked" Jericho to take Cena's title from him.[60] During their feud, even though Cena was portrayed as the face and Jericho as the heel, a vocal section of live crowds nonetheless chose to boo Cena during their matches.[61] More crowds followed suit during Cena's next feud with Kurt Angle,[62] who took over as Bischoff's hand picked #1 contender after Cena beat Jericho in a "You're Fired" match on the August 22 Raw, sending him off the show.[63] As the feud continued and the dissenters grew more vocal, sometimes seeming to outnumber fans by wide margins,[64] the announce team was forced to acknowledge the boos on television and began calling Cena a "controversial champion", claiming some people disliked him on account of his "in-ring style" and his chosen fashion.[65] Despite the mixed and negative reactions, Cena held on to his Championship through his feud with Angle, losing to him by disqualification[66] — for which titles do not change hands in WWE — at Unforgiven in September and pinning him at Survivor Series in November.[67] The feud with Angle also saw Cena add a secondary, submission based, finishing maneuver to his repertoire – the STFU (a Stepover Toehold Sleeper, though named for a Stepover Toehold Facelock) – when he was put into a Triple Threat Submissions Only match on the November 28 Raw.[68]
2006-2007
Cena facing off against Edge at a WWE house show.
Cena facing off against Edge at a WWE house show.
Cena lost the WWE Championship at the first WWE pay-per-view of 2006, New Year's Revolution, but not in the Elimination Chamber match that he had been advertised to participate in beforehand. Instead, immediately after winning the Elimination Chamber, he was thrust into a match against Edge, who cashed in his Money in the Bank contract — a "guaranteed title match at the WWE Champion of the owners choosing" — and after two quick spears pinned Cena for the title.[69] Cena's championship reign ended at 280 days, matching the length of previous champion JBL.[70] Just three weeks later, Cena won the title back at the Royal Rumble pay-per-view.[69] After winning the Championship back, Cena was put in to a program with Triple H, during which the crowd again seemed to boo the intended face (Cena) and cheer the intended heel (Triple H).[71][72] The negative reaction only intensified when he faced Rob Van Dam (also cashing in a Money in the Bank contract, which he won at WrestleMania 22) at One Night Stand in June. Taking place in front of a crowd of mostly "old school" Extreme Championship Wrestling fans at the Hammerstein Ballroom, Cena was met with raucous jeering and chants of "**** you, Cena", "You can't wrestle", and "Same old ****". When he began peppering different moves into the match the fans responded with a chant of "You still suck". Cena lost the WWE Championship for the second time in 2006 at One Night Stand, being pinned by Van Dam aft